In a video of a television programme posted online, Grand Mufti Sheikh Abdulaziz al Sheikh appears categorical when asked about the board game in Islam.
"Chess is prohibited. It is gambling," said Sheikh, insisting that it was a "waste of time and money and a cause for animosity between players".
Chess forbidden in Islam, says Saudi grand mufti
The video was originally recorded about a month ago but has resurfaced online, generating strong reactions on social media in recent days.
Among those who have condemned the fatwa is Russian former world chess champion Garry Kasparov.
Saudi Arabia trying to ban chess is stupid, but we should be more concerned about their bans on human rights and democracy.
— Garry Kasparov (@Kasparov63) January 21, 2016
Lebanese television producer Nasser Fakih tweeted: "Saudi mufti has declared chess haram. Apparently this game makes you use your brain, and this is haram!"
And Twitter user @RaKaN4you said: "Ok, how about PlayStation and Xbox, halal or haram?"
Similarly, others also tweeted against ban on chess:
Keep stonings, ban chess.
— Amir Mizroch (@Amirmizroch) January 22, 2016
Saudi Arabia’s Top Cleric Forbids Chess https://t.co/rMXhwy7Ihj
Saudi Arabia has banned Chess? Why? Because that's one place where the female (Queen) has more freedom to move around than the male (King).
— Vivek Pant (@misguideddna39) January 22, 2016
The Grand Mufti wants to know why there are no camels on the chess board.. #chessban
— Faraz Talat (@FarazTalat) January 22, 2016
IS militants are Israeli soldiers: Saudi grand mufti
But many tweets were also supportive of the cleric's decision to issue the fatwa.
Saudi Arabia applies a strict interpretation of Sunni Islam, which imposes many restrictions, including the segregation between men and women in public, and reinforces a ban on women driving.
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