How games are mapping the next war

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The writer is a Research Associate for International Law at IPRI.

Let's rewind to 2016. Kids and teenagers locked to their phone screens as the sun sets in F-10 Markaz Islamabad while cafes in Brooklyn are serving breakfast. The picture is identical. The glowing screens capturing all the attention, as people curiously search for virtual balls containing digital monsters. Yes, I'm talking about Pokemon GO, a game that went viral back then. It sounds quite harmless. But have you ever wondered what happened to all those millions of hours of visual data that we fed into our screens?

Now shift the view to 2026. The same F-10 Markaz and the same streets of Brooklyn. However, something feels different now. While we were busy "catching 'em all", the data we generated has now morphed into a threat capable of impacting National Security. Something that can even form the basis of a 21st century warfare.

Recent reports have verified that the developer of this game, Niantic, utilised billions of user scans to create a Large Geospatial Model (LGM). As of now, the model was built to aid delivery robots and drones in navigation, by equipping them with precise maps. Importantly, the system is so accurate that a drone can easily function even without a GPS signal.

This seems like a practical step taken for the greater civilian good. But how did we even become the scouts for this new frontier? It was possible because the global citizen has become a "digital ghost". We create value but don't own it. A simple offer of a game reward made us create high fidelity 3D models of our surroundings. The models captured details such as the layouts of streets, security cameras installed, the exact reach of a low hanging tree, and even the placement of fire hydrants. We fed AI all this real time data with our very own hands.

What if there is a bigger reason powering these measures? Imagine the stage shifting from drones functioning in a sunny neighbourhood to a warzone. The very history of this company diverts our thoughts to this direction. For an enterprise funded by the CIA's venture arm in exchange for technology used for battlefield analysis during the Iraq war, one cannot help but wonder how this LGM framework would play out in times of conflict.

From what we know so far, this technology could be the key to unlock the hurdles of the "urban canyon" i.e. crowded cities where tall buildings block GPS. This has restricted autonomous weapons as of now. However, LGM-powered drones no longer need satellites. A digital map built by innocent players is all what was needed to decode this.

This also reflects a legal and ethical crisis. A 30-page digital contract whose terms we happily accept actually hide the true cost of the app. We are no longer just agreeing to play games or use apps. We are often signing away rights we don't yet understand.

In 2026, we must stop viewing these boxes as a mere formality. These are binding legal contracts that determine who owns your location and the 3D layout of your surroundings. Companies can repurpose this data for military intelligence even years after you have deleted the app.

The danger of this trajectory leads us toward a terrifying new reality. We are moving toward a world where precision becomes a tool for absolute control. An autonomous system can now navigate a narrow alleyway in a foreign city as easily as a local resident. If every smartphone is a sensor and every game is a mapping mission then every citizen becomes an accidental participant in the global arms race.

The digital monsters we were chasing in 2016 have now morphed into something much bigger. They are no longer on our screens but in the very blueprints of our cities. They are waiting for the moment the game turns into a strike. It is time we stopped being the unpaid scouts for a future of warfare we didn't even vote for.

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