Govt claims decline in pollution levels
In the Air Quality Report 2025 issued by the Punjab Environmental Protection Agency, it has been claimed that government measures have significantly improved air quality in the province, with a reduction of more than 33 per cent observed in PM2.5 levels. The provincial capital, Lahore, ranked second in air pollution, with an average AQI of 179 recorded.
According to the report, this analysis was compiled based on daily data collected from 41 air quality monitoring stations established in 18 districts of the province. It includes an assessment of annual trends and seasonal effects. The data shows that Sheikhupura was the most affected district with an AQI of 218, while Rawalpindi recorded relatively better air quality with an AQI of 113. The intensity of pollution remained lower in the districts of South Punjab.
Regarding Lahore, the report states that the city's annual average AQI remained at 179, which indicates an unhealthy level. This figure is higher than the provincial average, showing that pollution pressure in Lahore was greater than in other areas. Lahore ranked second in terms of pollution within the province.
Seasonal trends indicate a significant increase in air pollution during the winter months. Lahore's AQI reached 277 in November, 293 in December, and 276 in Januarythese were the highest levels of the year. According to experts, the main reasons for this increase include temperature inversion, low wind speeds, emissions from vehicles and industries, and the burning of crop residues in the region.
In contrast, air quality improved during spring and monsoon months. A decline in pollution was observed in March and April, while in August Lahore's AQI dropped to 104, the lowest level of the year. According to the report, rainfall and better air dispersion played a key role in this improvement. However, pollution begins to rise again from September and October, signaling the start of the smog season.
The report also notes that seasonal factors and emission sources have a strong impact on Lahore's air pollution, highlighting the need for effective emission control and seasonal strategies. Monthly average AQI figures were compiled based on daily data from various monitoring stations.
On the other hand, the Punjab government has claimed to have taken several measures to reduce air pollution. According to official data, environmental enforcement actions increased during 2025, with over 81,000 visits and more than 113,000 inspections conducted. Over 7,900 notices were issued; thousands of industrial units were sealed, and more than 2,300 cases were registered. The total amount of fines exceeded Rs190 million.
Officials stated that strict monitoring was carried out at brick kilns, factories, and construction sites. More than 419,000 kilograms of hazardous material were confiscated. Additionally, over 2,200 water recyclers and mist sprinklers were installed, while anti-smog guns and water bowsers were also used to help reduce pollution.
The report further mentions that actions against crop residue burning, the deployment of quick response units, and monitoring of industrial emissions contributed to the improvement in conditions.