Nepal's former prime minister Oli arrested over deaths during Gen Z protests

Nepal's former prime ​minister, KP Sharma Oli, was arrested on Saturday as police investigate whether he was negligent in failing ‌to prevent dozens of deaths in a crackdown on Gen Z-led anti-corruption protests last September, officials said.

Oli's arrest, which his lawyer said was illegal and sparked protests by supporters who clashed with police, followed rapper-turned-politician Balendra Shah's swearing in as prime minister on Friday and a recommendation by ​a panel investigating violence during the protests that he should be prosecuted for negligence.

His former home minister, Ramesh ​Lekhak, was also arrested.

Read: Nepal panel recommends prosecuting ex-PM

Seventy-six people were killed last September during a police crackdown and arson and ⁠violent unrest during the protests, which led to Oli's resignation.

After his arrest on Saturday, supporters staged protest rallies and ​clashed with police who tried to stop them from burning tyres near the prime minister's office. Police lobbed a teargas shell ​and used batons to break up the protests, injuring one person, witnesses said.

Oli's Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist Leninist) called his arrest illegal and said it was an act of "revenge". It demanded his immediate release and said more protests were planned for Sunday.

Shankar Pokhrel, a senior party ​official, told reporters that protest notes against the arrest would be handed to the government in all 77 districts ​of the country on Sunday.

Home Minister Sudan Gurung dismissed the criticism, saying on Facebook: "It is the beginning of justice. The country will take ‌a ⁠new direction now."

Supporters of Nepal’s former Prime Minister and Communist Party of Nepal Chairman KP Sharma Oli are detained by police during a demonstration after Oli was taken into custody in Kathmandu, Nepal, March 28, 2026. Photo: Reuters

Election defeat

Oli served as prime minister four times between 2015 and 2025, but never served a full five-year term. In 2020, he published a new political map that included a small stretch of disputed land controlled by India, giving him a boost in popularity in Nepal.

His popularity did not last, and he was beaten by Shah in his home constituency ​in an election this month, ​his second defeat since the ⁠restoration of multi-party democracy in 1990. Anger over the deaths in September's protests helped Shah's Rastriya Swatantra Party win the election by a landslide.

The panel investigating last September's violence held ​Oli and Lekhak responsible for not taking any action to stop hours of firing ​on the protesters ⁠by the police.

Also Read: Nepal's political transition

Police spokesperson Om Adhikari said Oli and Lekhak would be brought to court on Sunday.

Oli, 74, who has had two kidney transplants, has been transferred to a hospital from the police office where he was first taken, witnesses said.

His lawyer, Tikaram Bhattarai, told ⁠Reuters ​that the arrest was unwarranted and would be challenged in the Supreme ​Court.

"They have said it (the arrest) is for investigation. It is illegal and improper because there is no risk of him fleeing or avoiding questioning," he ​said.

Lekhak and his lawyer could not immediately be reached for comment.