Iran nears deal to buy supersonic anti-ship missiles from China

Iran is close to a deal with China to purchase anti-ship cruise missiles, according to six people with knowledge of the negotiations, just as the United States deploys a vast naval force near the Iranian coast ahead of possible strikes on the Islamic Republic.

The deal for the Chinese-made CM-302 missiles is near completion, though no ‌delivery date has been agreed, the people said.

The supersonic missiles have a range of about 290 kilometres and are designed to evade shipborne defences by flying low and fast. Their deployment would significantly enhance Iran’s strike capabilities and pose a threat to US naval forces in the region, two weapons experts said.

Negotiations with China to buy the ‌missile weapons systems, which began at least two years ago, accelerated ⁠sharply after the 12-day war between ​Israel and Iran in June, according to the six people with knowledge of the talks, including three officials who were briefed by the ​Iranian government as well as three security officials.

As talks entered their ‌final stages last summer, senior Iranian military and government ​officials travelled to China, including Massoud Oraei, Iran’s deputy defence minister, according to two of the security officials.

Oraei’s visit has not been previously reported. “It’s a complete gamechanger if Iran has supersonic capability to attack ships in the area,” said Danny Citrinowicz, a former Israeli intelligence officer and now senior Iran researcher at Israel’s Institute for National Security Studies think tank.

“These missiles are very difficult to intercept.”

Reuters could not determine how many missiles ⁠were involved in the potential deal, how much Iran had agreed to pay, or whether China would go through with the agreement now given heightened tensions in the region.

“Iran has military ‌and security agreements with its allies, and now is an appropriate time to make use of these agreements,” an Iranian foreign ministry official told Reuters.

In a comment sent after publication, China's Ministry of Foreign Affairs said it was not aware of the talks about a potential missile sale that Reuters had reported.

China's defence ministry did not respond to a request for comment.

The White House did not directly address the negotiations between Iran and China over the missile system when ⁠asked by Reuters.

US President Donald Trump has been clear that “either we will make a deal or we will have to do something very tough like ⁠last time”, a White ​House official said, referring to the current standoff ‌with Iran.

The missiles would be among the most advanced military hardware to be transferred to Iran by China and defy a United Nations weapons embargo that was first imposed in 2006.

The sanctions were suspended in 2015 as part of a nuclear deal with the US and allies, and then reimposed last September.

US forces gathering near Iran

The potential sale would underscore deepening military ties between China and Iran at a moment of heightened regional tension, complicating US efforts to contain Iran’s missile programme and curb its nuclear activities.

It would also signal China’s growing willingness to assert itself in a region long dominated by US military might.

China, Iran and Russia hold annual joint naval exercises, and last year the US Treasury Department sanctioned several Chinese entities for supplying chemical precursors to Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps for use in its ballistic missile programme.

China rejected those allegations, saying it was unaware of the cases cited in the ⁠sanctions and that it strictly enforces export controls on dual-use products.