Pakistan issues advisory on Congo virus and heatstroke risks

Pakistan’s National Institute of Health (NIH) has issued public health advisories on the Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) and rising risks from heatwaves and sunstroke as climate-related challenges intensify across the country.

The advisory urges healthcare institutions and relevant authorities to implement timely and appropriate measures to prevent disease outbreaks during the summer months.

CCHF, a potentially fatal viral disease, is caused by the Nairovirus and is commonly transmitted to humans through the bite of infected ticks, particularly those found on livestock such as goats, sheep, and rabbits.

The virus can also be transmitted through contact with blood or tissues of infected animals, especially during or after slaughter.

Human-to-human transmission is also possible, particularly in clinical or domestic settings. According to NIH data, 61 cases of CCHF were reported in Pakistan in 2024.

The advisory recommends wearing light-coloured clothing, which makes ticks more visible, Express News reported.

Citizens are also advised to avoid visiting areas with heavy tick infestations and to remove any visible ticks from skin or clothing using safe techniques.

In a separate note, the NIH warned of the growing health risks posed by heatwaves and sunstroke, as Pakistan faces intensified climate impacts, including rising temperatures due to global warming. The advisory highlights that heatwave-related illnesses and deaths are likely to increase in the coming years.

To prevent heatstroke, the NIH strongly recommends avoiding direct sunlight, staying hydrated, and taking other precautionary measures to mitigate the effects of extreme heat.

Health experts caution that the frequency and severity of climate-linked diseases are increasing, and stress the need for public awareness and preparedness ahead of the summer season.

Earlier, the Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD) issued a heatwave alert, forecasting unusually high temperatures across much of Sindh province through April 18.

Under the current conditions, daytime maximum temperatures in districts including Dadu, Shaheed Benazirabad, Jacobabad, Larkana, and Sukkur are expected to remain 6 to 8°C above normal, Express News reported.

Similarly, in Badin, Tharparkar, Umerkot, and Hyderabad districts, temperatures may exceed normal ranges by 4 to 6°C, according to the department.