The raid came days after police busted a militant hideout in the capital Dhaka as security forces stepped up a hunt for militants behind a spate of recent attacks in the Muslim-majority nation.
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Police searched an apartment in the port city of Chittagong based on information from the three members of the banned Jamaat-ul-Mujahideen organisation who were caught in an earlier raid, Chittagong city police commissioner Mohammad Abdul Jalil Mondal said.
"A sniper rifle, ammunition, explosives, detonators, army uniforms and bomb-making materials were found in the apartment," he told a news conference.
The group was believed to be behind a series of recent attacks, including bombings of a Shia shrine and the shooting of three foreigners, two of whom have died.
Bangladesh has suffered a wave of extremist violence in recent months, including a series of attacks on mosques, Christian priests and Hindu temples.
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Islamic State has claimed responsibility for some of the attacks, including a bomb attack at a mosque of the minority Ahmmadiya Muslim community during prayers on Friday. Police have confirmed the person killed was the bomber himself.
The government has denied that Islamic State has a presence in the country of 160 million people. It blames Islamist political opponents for instigating the violence.
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