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The writer is author of Military Inc. and a visiting professor at Johns Hopkins University, US (ayesha.siddiqa@tribune.com.pk)
The Punjab government and its patrons in the deep state will not allow a military operation in south Punjab. But then such an action is not needed. All that is required is a decision by all stakeholders in power that militancy will not be tolerated. Then integrated intelligence and a police operation can do the job.
Begum Abida Hussain’s suggestion that a military operation in south Punjab is doable indicates some higher politics – like giving the PML-N or her immediate opponents a bad nose – or she might have lost touch with reality.
This is not to suggest that jihadism is not an issue in Punjab. There are three main jihadi bases in the province. Although Chakwal and Gujranwala- Faisalabad are vital hubs of militancy, south Punjab attracts greater attention because it involves almost the entire region and is a territory from where the jihadi leadership seeks its sacrificial lamb — children of the poor.
Begum Hussain’s anger is understandable since her area, Jhang, is a major jihadi area and birthplace of the Sipahi- Sahaba Pakistan (SSP) which later developed its military wing Lashkare- Jhangvi, with further branches such as and Jaish-e-Muhammad (JeM). The SSP, which is the mother of all militant outfits barring the LeT, sent its warriors to Afghanistan during the early 1980s.
A military operation will unleash a Pandora’s Box which may even devour Mrs Hussain and her clan. The government needs a holistic strategy. In the short-term, the answer is to launch an integrated police and intelligence operation. The police have sufficient intelligence to act against the culprits. All it will take is for the Punjab law minister not to protect militants, train police, and non-interference from the army and its agencies. In the past, police were intercepted by military agencies whenever they caught a militant. The police even had the capacity to move in Swat had powerful quarters not interfered. The state must move in as quickly as possible since the police, lower judiciary and other segments of the state are being penetrated by radicals and militants.
A long-term strategy means revamping the socio-political system in a manner that the great Begum and her ilk don’t attract people to violence. She represents feudalism which is not a dominant mode of production in Punjab but the name of a peculiar culture. Since a lot of big landowners in south Punjab are Shia, Deobandi outfits like SSP managed to muster support. The SSP and its sister organisations are anti-imperialist and anti-feudal. But let’s be careful. They are not antiimperialism or anti-feudalism. There is a lot of difference between the two. Sadly, the current power elite, the ethnic nationalists and the jihadis all represent new trends in feudalism.
Some may ask why spare Punjab when no one sympathised with the Pakhtun but two wrongs don’t make a right. Military operations in the tribal areas were a bad idea. In its arrogance and myopic thinking the army destroyed the traditional power structure and law enforcement mechanism and devastated local intelligence and police.
The military must only operate in the background to assist the police. This is necessary for effective action and to avoid bloodshed. The post-Blue Star police operation in east Punjab is a case in point. The military’s operation has increased financial and opportunity costs for the state. Today, people in Swat and the tribal areas distrust the military which has abused human rights in the name of protecting itself. This happens when an army is not properly trained for counter-insurgency. It kills more, out of fear for its life. This is true for both Pakistan and the US. The wound it leaves on people’s hearts is unimaginable.
The government urgently requires a conflict resolution strategy. This means restructuring the political system not war.
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Not in my lifetime
why only in punjab,why not zero tolerance for militancy in the whole country, the policing system has to be modernized,revamp other wise no other messure will work……….Recommend
A balanced and totally sane point as at the end you have to rely on modern ,trained police system and integrated intelligence network.
In southern Punjab,Sippa Sahab was succeeded to exert its influence in 1990s mainly through its deobandi Madrassah network. Their weird ideology started to malign th innocent young minds and a series of brutal attacks began against Shias community.In this downtrodden part of Punjab,Baralvi sect is in majority but they preferred to be silent instead of voicing their concern against Sippa Sahaba militancy. Even in those turbulent times.
our agencies’role was dubious.It is worth remembering that not a single active barelvi organization was involved in so called Kashmir or Afghamistan Jihad.(An Albarq named militancy organization was formed but it was inactive and was never been in operation).All the militant organizations were Deobandi’s sect.
If Punjab Government and our agencies are truly sincere to root out militancy in Southern Punjab ,they have to embark upon multiple strategies.First of all train and modernize the policing system equipping them with sophisticated arms and equipment.Form a better agencies network
and then educate people how this menace of terrorism will at the end eat out them.
In southern Punjab, People are though religious but at the same time they are rather more liberal than Sindh,Balochistan or Khybar Pakhtunkhaw.Recommend
a military action must be taken against all militants wherever they are.When one does not like the term PUNJABI TALIBAN, agreed but even if they are hiding in anywhere ,strict action must be taken irrespective of the area involvedRecommend
This makes a lot of sense in principle. Military should be kept out and the police and the intelligence should work together. But would they be allowed to? Would the Punjab government act the way it should? However, I disagree with the connection between feudalism and the rising sectraian violence, not that feudalism should not be abolished. The principal reason for the growth of these outfits was and has been state protection. In the short-term and in the longer term, the state must give up the policy of tolerating violence and sectarianism on one pretext or the other including poverty or feudalism. The latter have existed since a long time but since 1985, the reasons for the birth and growth of the militant outfits are to be found somewhere else including not only the role of the state but its willingess to allow foreign players to fight their proxy battles on Pakistan’s soil.Recommend
Very well said. One would hope that after years of military operations in KP, some important lessons would have been learnt on low intensity operations. Sending in soldiers to do a policeman’s job is hardly a solution, and perpetuates violence. However, before things get worse, the problem must be nipped in the bud. Its amazing how much tolerance and patience we seem to have over deaths of our fellow citizens, while the government does nothing.Recommend
Ayesha, I agree with you. Involving military in combating militancy in the heartland of Pakistan can complicate matters beyond redemption. The extremists have a formidable network of radical Islamists and secluded training areas and –once religious frenzy is whipped up- can find a sizable supply of ‘anti-Western’ recruits in the poor and illiterate Southern Punjab. I also agree with you in that the task is not beyond the police provided it is allowed a free hand and is fully backed by political will and intelligence. The clergy will also need to be engaged. However, military support in terms of intelligence and equipment will be essential and it can only happen if and when the Pakistan Army is willing to lord over the annihilation of its erstwhile protégés – all of which are deobandi militant outfits. Even yesterday there were strong allegations –alluded to Afghan military commanders- against the ISI accusing it of abetting the Afghan Taliban. Whether or not ISI as an institution is still up to its old tricks, we all know that there are intelligence officials, both active and retired, who have dealt with the militants in the past and still support their cause.
By the way, as long as we continue to use Islam to forge a sense of national identity, extremist militancy will remain woven into the fabric of Pakistani society and will keep surfacing with new aims, tactics, and strategies.Recommend
100 % on the dot. But the question is who will bell the cat???Recommend
Gujranwala,chakwal and faisalabad are no doubt hubs of militancy .These are creating more money for defunct organizations like ssp abd let.There is no consensus among political parties and security establishment .this is how the militants are getting benefit. The intellectual support to militants is makeing them more strong. So tacit support of society is providing militants breating space. Unfortunately this goverments does not have any plan to end extrmism and militancy. Natuionla counter terrorism authority is nothing but just staff of few people who go to office take cup of tea and nothing else.Bacuse they do not have the authority to even induct staff.Sir rehaman malik please leave patronizing this organization.let them work alone and chalk out a plan for bringing this nation out of this mess.Recommend
Ayesha,
While OBAMA Administration is embracing Jihad and Jihadis and not considering them foes anymore, where will you run away?
tinyurl.com/39pu9ueRecommend