
In the document, Special Branch police urged an intensification of security around "target areas that Russian authorities are concerned about" including venues associated with allies that have taken part in attacks on Islamic State in Syria.
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Russia began air strikes in Syria on September 30 and has stepped up attacks in recent weeks. An Islamic State affiliate claimed responsibility for downing a Russian airliner over Egypt in October, killing all 224 people on board.
Thailand's Special Branch, which deals with national security issues, circulated the document to other police units, two senior police officers told Reuters.
Marked "Urgent" and dated November 27, the Special Branch police said intelligence from Russia warned that the 10 Syrians entered Thailand between October 15 and October 31. The document was circulating on social media on Thursday.
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"The document is real. We received it from Special Branch," said one of the police officers, who handles international crime matters. He declined to be identified because of the sensitivity of the matter.
"I have to deal with this issue now," he said. "The original communication was by word of mouth between Russian and Thai police. I don't know how the document leaked."
The Special Branch, which sent the document to investigative divisions within the national police, said four of the suspects travelled to the seaside city of Pattaya, two to the tourist island of Phuket, two to Bangkok and two to an unknown destination.
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Police did not identify the Syrian suspects. The Thai government and police have previously said that no Thai Muslims have joined Islamic State in Iraq and Syria.
Thailand's three southernmost provinces bordering Malaysia are home to a large Muslim community, elements of which have waged an insurgency against the Buddhist-dominated Thai state for over a decade.
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