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Non-Muslims and our textbooks

Published: July 4, 2012

We need to rid our children from the false impression perpetrated by textbooks that non-Muslims have played no role in the history and achievements of Pakistan.

The issues that make huge differences to our lives are rarely discussed on our assembly floors. Instead, too much time is taken up by the frivolous or the irrelevant. Against this backdrop, the issue brought up recently by minority MPA Saleem Khursheed Khokhar on the floor of the Sindh Assembly is highly welcome. It demonstrates that, at least, some of our parliamentarians possess the courage to raise issues related to minority rights and the marginalisation of non-Muslims in the country. The matter is, of course, not an unfamiliar one for most of us. However, Mr Khokhar has brought up an especially pertinent point. He questioned why there was no mention in our textbooks, of persons, who had contributed so much to the country, such as the late Justice Dorab Patel, war hero Cecil Chaudhry — who many believe had his career in the Pakistan Air Force cut short on the basis of his religion — and former Chief Justice of Pakistan AR Cornelius.

We have, in fact, attempted to exclude such important figures from memory and thought. Our children will never learn about the exploits of such men, their love for their country and their contribution to it. As a result, non-Muslim Pakistanis have been pushed aside completely — out of thought and out of mind. There are, of course, other members of minority communities who have done just as much for the country. Even the contributions of missionaries in the education and health sectors are rarely brought up and certainly do not form any part of what is taught at schools.

Mr Khokhar makes a welcome proposal in suggesting that teaching children about our national heroes, and in fact, trying to change the climate of intolerance by focusing on the achievements of minorities could help a great deal in pulling them back into the mainstream. We need to collectively act on this proposal so that we can rid our children from the false impression perpetrated by textbooks that non-Muslims have played no role in the history and achievements of Pakistan.

Published in The Express Tribune, July 4th, 2012.

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Reader Comments (29)

  • BlackJack
    Jul 4, 2012 - 1:22AM

    First purge your textbooks of the hatred you reserve for ordinary non-muslims – glorifying a select few will not serve to eliminate the negative images that you create in young minds. Unless you can tell kids (and mean it) that they should feel the same way about their compatriots regardless of their religion, it will be impossible to make non-muslims feel that they belong in Pakistan.

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  • Babloo
    Jul 4, 2012 - 1:36AM

    Too little too late. The fate of minorities in Pakistan and the fate of Pakistan itself is sealed and headed to its destiny, as a consequence of actions of past 60-70 years.

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  • AshamedtobePakistani
    Jul 4, 2012 - 1:40AM

    We have successfully managed to incorporate bigotry and religious intolerance into our education system. It is frightening the false, jingoistic nonsense taught to children in our schools.

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  • ayesha_khan
    Jul 4, 2012 - 4:24AM

    Not to mention the actual freedom struggle from the BRitish. It is only Congress leaders that went to jail – not a single Muslim league leader went to jail. Should those contributions not be recognized? After all if the subcontinent had not gotten freedom, Pakistan would not have been created either.

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  • Jul 4, 2012 - 6:23AM

    @BlackJack:
    Respect =)

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  • Polpot
    Jul 4, 2012 - 8:34AM

    Pakistani Education: A for Allah, B for Bomb & J for Jihad
    +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
    Cosmetic changes like mentioning a few non muslim names will do little.

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  • Whats in the name
    Jul 4, 2012 - 9:08AM

    Sir, I cannot help but recall an incident from my own childhood. My father always used to say to keep the mind as stress free as possible from hatred, anger, jealousy and insecurities viz a viz other students and from every body. The reason being, A human mind however gifted and powerful has its own limits. So if it is filled with the above said emotions, then where would the mind have space to think and perform. It is only natural that there would be a dip in not only our performance but also personality. I hear by plead to the powers that be in Pakistan to stop promoting hatred and extremists views. It is one thing to show history in its true light, with impartiality but other to pepper it with hatred and victim mentality just for the sake of promoting ideology. It would certainly stunt the growth of the future generations.
    Rgds
    P

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  • Wellwisher
    Jul 4, 2012 - 9:47AM

    You forgot to mention the only one Nobel prize winner from Pakistan and to which community he belongs!

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  • Toticalling
    Jul 4, 2012 - 11:53AM

    I am beginning to like Express Tribune more and more after reading your editorials in your paper about tolerance. It is madness out there in school text books.
    Here are some examples:
    “Hindu pundits were jealous of Al Beruni,” according to a Social Studies textbook for Class VIII (Punjab Textbook Board, page 82). “The Hindus… had always been opportunists,” reads another one (Social Studies, Class VI, Punjab Textbook Board, page 141). And yet another one: “The Hindus have always been an enemy of Islam” (Urdu, Class V, Punjab Textbook Board, page 108).
    No wonder that we are getting more and more intolerant. The indoctrination and hate start right from school, and are not just limited to madarssas, but also spread out to other schools as well. Growing up with such hate messages, many get angry on the other hand if anybody mentions atrocities of Muslim warriors. Islamofobia, they say. Really? There is good and bad in all of us. The problem is how to get out of this mess. I wish I knew

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  • Hedgefunder
    Jul 4, 2012 - 1:51PM

    This is called selective education, hence mushrooming of Madrassas in Pakistan !
    They are well on their way of ethnic cleansing too !!!

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  • Shujaat
    Jul 4, 2012 - 2:51PM

    Well written article while we are discussing the constitutional rights of minorities this should not be annulled but unfortunately many hero of independence and wars etc skipped from schools curriculum books this is fact. Further more minorities of Pakistan should be given opportunity to chip in for pointing out like minority MPA of Sindh assembly raise his idea about introducing their vision.

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  • Abdullah
    Jul 4, 2012 - 8:13PM

    Pakistan is a secular State and this got nothing to do with Islam.

    Islam teaches tolerance and inshAllah when the Islamic State would return it will give justice to all man/woman, Muslim/non

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  • ayesha_khan
    Jul 4, 2012 - 9:42PM

    @Abdullah: “Pakistan is a secular State and this got nothing to do with Islam.”

    Definition of a secular state is that the government does not interfere with people’s lives based on religion. Individual bigotry while undesirable may exist in a secular state. By that definition Pakistan is is NOT a secular state. Consider the following facts which show state level discrimnation based on religion:
    1) Pakistan calls itself an ‘Islamic’ republic. In its identity itself people of other faith are excluded
    2) Blasphemy against Islam is punishable by death per law. Blasphemy against other religions is not only unpunished but institutionaled.
    3) President or PM of Pakistan cannot be non-Muslim by law.
    4) The constitution says that no law maybe passed that is against Quran. No other religious books are considered.
    5) Recently the court ordered that the dome of an Ahmadi ‘place of worship’ bedestroyed. This is not consistent with freedom of worship.
    6) There is no proces for registering Hindu marriages in Pakistani law.
    7) Pakistan’s population of minorities has ben decimated from 22% at the time of independence to less than 2% now and state has been a silent spectator.

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  • Akbar
    Jul 4, 2012 - 9:47PM

    A BIT TOOOO LATE FOR SUCH ARTICLES. JUST 30 YEARS LATE ? NOW YOU ARE REALISE AFTER THE THIS ISSUE IS IN ASHES. WHAT A SHAME!! Now enjoy your “islamic brotherhood and peace” as we are watching daily. None deserves mercy for these crimes on minorities.”

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  • Zeeshan
    Jul 4, 2012 - 10:02PM

    @blackjack,

    This is coming from Indians who don’t even trust their own textbooks: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NCERT_controversy. So, in what sense, the patronizing tone against Pakistanis when you own anti-Muslim hatred is projected in your reading of your own past.

    @ayesha_khan,

    Let’s assume for a moment that you are truly a Muslim from India; it boggles me to understand that you didn’t even recognize that the first war for your country’s independence was fought with a Muslim emperor in mind. That war struggled to elevate a Muslim emperor to be the Emperor of Hindustan. So, it was not the Congress party which started it all or sacrificed the most. 80-90 years earlier, a Muslim emperor was the locus for your country’s first war for independence. That man’s family was massacred and he was sent into exile. That struggle was fought including by Muslims who died and were expelled from your current capital. The Congress simply inherited an empire from the British. Kudos to the Muslim League, Congress could not inherit all the bounties.Recommend

  • abhi
    Jul 4, 2012 - 10:23PM

    @Zeshaan
    you are pretty ignorant about 1857 as well. do you even know the names of martyrs of that war?

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  • unbeliever
    Jul 4, 2012 - 10:37PM

    @Zeeshan:
    OH SIR, you are delusional at best……..
    bahadur shah was proclaimed emperor of india not because everybody wanted him to be one, infact he was only a poet and had no quality of being a ruler to a town, let alone of entire india,….but becuase he was scion of a dynasty which ruled india for long, and common masses could recognise him…and would support struggle against the britishers….
    to even think that bahadur shah would be next emperor, had india won the war is ridiculous,,winning rulers would again be back to their ways………

    and also the muslim who revolted against the were mainly from present indian landmass…..muslims from punjab were mostly loyal to the british troops, and were infact used in crushing the rebillion…
    so, muslim league sabotaged the rights which belonged purely to indian muslims…..

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  • unbeliever
    Jul 4, 2012 - 10:47PM

    @Zeeshan:
    your link has the line:

    In turn, the UPA and previous Congress-led governments have been accused of revising history to present a Marxist bias, and whitewashing the record of Muslim atrocities in order to acquire Muslim votes

    atleast in our country discussions happen, and rotten things are thrown out of syllabus…
    can you say the same about your country.

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  • Jul 4, 2012 - 11:08PM

    History teach lessons to the sadists, divisive forces, selfish leaders and the best example is PAKISTAN. A country exclusively created for Muslims is hated by even Muslim countries and neighbours.

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  • BlackJack
    Jul 4, 2012 - 11:21PM

    @Zeeshan:
    There are 2 parts to your comment:
    1. On the NCERT controversy – this is a political issue, and the argument revolves around whether certain ‘alleged’ atrocities by muslim rulers have been highlighted. Considering that these very atrocities are highlighted by you guys in your textbooks as signs of great achievement, you are actually in the same boat as the Sangh Parivar, and not the Marxists. If they are wrong, you are wrong.
    2. On your comment to @ayesha_khan: – dude, this first war that you talk of was restricted to UP, Bihar, Central Provinces and Delhi (4 of the 29 states of India). Yes, the rebels crowned Bahadur Shah Zafar king, and he was king of his castle (and nothing else) for a couple of days. The one point I will agree to is that muslims lost power in Delhi from that point. However, the 1857 revolt was a spontaneous uprising and would have been a disastrous event for (today’s) united India if it were successful because we were not really one nation by then – liberation from the East India Company would have been followed by a century of civil war. The rebellion was put down with the help of troops from present day Pakistan, so belated thanks are in order.

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  • Abdullah
    Jul 4, 2012 - 11:34PM

    @ayesha_khan:

    Britain call itself Christain State so it is not secular? PK is Islamic only in name
    Blasphamy againt secularism is punishable by death and disobeying secular law in many western states can get you killed. There is also what is called hate speech against religions (Islam) under the banner of extremism / fundamentalism / terrorism. Think WOT
    President of Western country can’t be non secular or for that matter Communist. Think Mcarthyism
    Western countries constitution says no law can be made but it needs to be secular
    Recently Swiss banned mosques and France banned niqabs
    There is no process to allow Islamic laws in eg in UK

    Secularism IS NOT universal nor a melting pot. Allow Muslims in PK and muslim world to live by Islam and stop secular terrorism and extremism.

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  • a_writer
    Jul 5, 2012 - 12:46AM

    @Abdullah:
    It is somewhat difficult to follow your comments because the statements are disjointed and lack coherence. Anyway, are you saying Pakistan is at par with the UK? Now, that is a stretch.

    It is common knowledge that Islamic preachers immigrated into England from Pakistan constantly broadcast their hate filled opinions about anything that is not Islamic. They seem to enjoy complete freedom of speech enshrined in British law ( leave aside the ingratitude of biting the hands that feeds you). In occasional cases where they do get into legal troubles, they have no shame in taking full advantage of the impartiality British justice system.

    Now, are you really saying that Pakistan, its people and its Govt. have the same level of tolerance as the British? I hope you are not in any advisory committee to select text books for Pakistan school system!

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  • Jul 5, 2012 - 1:19AM

    @Wellwisher: Thanks for making nameless reference to the science genius of Pakistan, called Dr. Abdus Salam. He was awarded Nobel Prize in Physics in 1979. But you will never see his name mentioned in any text-book or any mention of his laboratory/scientific research work or its results in any science book. All this due to the little,limited prejudiced way of thinking merely because this simple man, yes very self-negating, sacrificing physicist belonged to the Ahmadiyya Community of Pakistan. Similarly many other Pakistani Ahmadis, who had played great role not only in the creation of Pakistan but also served their motherland in outstanding manner, are not allowed to be mentioned in the history books of Pakistan. Such outstanding Ahmadis include Sir Muhammad Zafrullah Khan, the first Foreign Minister of Pakistan from 1947 to 1954. Mr. M.M. Ahmad, Deputy Chairman Planning Commission of Pakistan, Gen. Akhtar Hussain Malik and his younger brother, Gen. Abdul Ali Malik, heroes of 1965/1971 wars. All these proud sons of the soil are admired, praised for their out-standing achievements in their respective fields. But they are totally ignored in their own country.Anyhow a time will definitely come when all such ignored sons of the soil will be given their due place of recognition inour national history books, too.

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  • Deb
    Jul 5, 2012 - 8:45PM

    @Zeashan

    The mutiny of 1857 was by no stretch of imagination can be termed as a freedom movement.
    It was sporadic and limited to military barracks.Most importantly there was almost no participation of the masses at large.
    As someone has already pointed out, by 1857 Bahadur Shah’s writ was confined only within the walls of red fort and he was actually living on pension from East India Company.
    And even if the mutiny succeeded and Bahadur Shah was restored on the Delhi takht, how it would have been freedom for the Indians.It would have meant transfer of power from one empire(british) to the other(mughal).
    As for your comment ‘congress inherited an empire from British’, I don’t even know from where to start. First, British empire was far beyond India, congress on behalf of people of India got the country back to where it belongs.And in the process thousands of them gave their lives to British bullets or under the gallows.Not one from Muslim league spend time in prison.In context 2 Muslim men (that I know) who went to the gallows, none of them was a muslim leaguer. Ashfaqllah Khan (died Apr’3, 1927) was a member of a revolutionery group Matrivedi Sanstha and Abdul Khadir Mohammed (died Sep’10, 1943) was a member of Azad Hind Fauz (formed by Rashbihari Bose and Subhash Ch. Bose in exile).
    Muslim league even opposed ‘Quit India movement’ and opposed non-cooperation against british govt.
    Muslim league was even prepared to live in loose federation under British rule.
    Actually it is Muslim League who got a share of the booty without firing a shot (so to speak).Ever heard of an ‘usurper’.

    It must be said here, that many Indian muslims in congress and other secular/revolutionery set ups fought alongside hindus,shiks,christians etc. and sacrificed for independence.
    Muslim league had none of it.

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  • Zeeshan
    Jul 5, 2012 - 10:30PM

    So, I am going to resort to answer a few people:

    @Deb,

    Muslim League was fighting for Muslim independence from both Britain and India. Just like Kashmiris are struggling against you, the struggle by Muslim League viewed Indians as the neo-colonists. The British was a honest colonist but it seemed to escape Indians that they themselves were and are the neo-colonists.

    “As for your comment ‘congress inherited an empire from British’, I don’t even know from where to start. First, British empire was far beyond India, congress on behalf of people of India got the country back to where it belongs.And in the process thousands of them gave their lives to British bullets or under the gallows.Not one from Muslim league spend time in prison.”poke person.

    Deb, I am always surprise to know how fast Indians normalized and naturalized the boundary of their empire without considering the imagination involved in creating that boundary. The boundary of India was inherited from the British empire. Congress “did not speak on behalf of “people of India”", it anointed itself to be the spoke person. Muslims never viewed Congress as their voice. While Muslim was the sole community to resist Indians as the neo-colonists and succeed in keeping Indians at bay, the people in the south of the subcontinent also resisted neo-colonist India before succumbing to it later. Only Muslims, namely the Kashmiris, still refused to submit to the neo-colonist India. Their struggle is still ongoing as of today. Those people have given up their souls in resisting your colonization. So, Muslims are capable of giving up their souls for the sake of nationhood.

    To say that Mughal is the sole empire is to ignore that you too are an empire. If you were to argue that anointing Zafar as the emperor of Hindustan was about shifting the power from one empire to another, then what would you call 15 August 1947? Muslims viewed that as changing the batons from one colonizer to another. One was foreign, another was self-proclaimed natives.Recommend

  • Siddhartha Shastri
    Jul 5, 2012 - 10:31PM

    The key slogan of the sepoys in 1857 was “Falaq Khuda-ka, Muluk Badshah-ka, Ammal Zhansi-ki Rani-ka”. Of ocurse Bahdur Shah was too old to lift a finger and just went with the flow. That is why while Hodson summarily shot the princes and the British went on a killing rampage in revenge, Bahadur Shah was spared. He was no more than a symbol for the sepoys who knew no other political structure than dynastic royalty. His best contributions to India may be terms of his support of Urdu poetry.

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  • Zeeshan
    Jul 5, 2012 - 11:24PM

    “Siddhartha Shastri

    The key slogan of the sepoys in 1857 was “Falaq Khuda-ka, Muluk Badshah-ka, Ammal Zhansi-ki Rani-ka”. Of ocurse Bahdur Shah was too old to lift a finger and just went with the flow. That is why while Hodson summarily shot the princes and the British went on a killing rampage in revenge, Bahadur Shah was spared. He was no more than a symbol for the sepoys who knew no other political structure than dynastic royalty. His best contributions to India may be terms of his support of Urdu poetry.”

    The key slogan of 1857 called for going to Delhi and not Jhansi. This flew on the face of Indians who viewed the Mughal as a foreign empire and Marathas as the native resisters (by the likes of Deb and others above). The fact that the sepoys went on to anoint a Muslim Mughal emperor as their symbol and emperor despite the presence of Marathas didn’t sync with today’s Indians view about the Maratha and Mughal. Zafar’s best contribution to South Asia was to reign over Delhi when it was a Muslim’s cultural and intellectual center . It was during his reign that Ghalib and Zauq emerged.

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  • Wellwisher
    Jul 7, 2012 - 2:43PM

    @Shamim A. Sheikh,:
    Thanks for the details.

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  • American Desi
    Jul 9, 2012 - 11:02PM

    Thanks for enlightening us about Honorable Justice Patel who stood up for Justice and stood up to the worst dictator! Recommend

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