UN peacekeeping: A force for the future

UN peacekeeping brings unique, universal legitimacy unmatched by any other international peace, security instrument.

It was a dark, February night in the hilly North Kivu province of eastern Congo. At 2:45am, a small, silent unarmed unmanned aerial vehicle (UUAV) circled the sky around a village in Masisi territory and sent back live video of a group of armed men who had recently overrun a local military post. As the UUAV relayed pictures to a control room, senior military officers prepared to move their soldiers if the civilian populations in the area were directly threatened. The attack never materialised, but if it had, the band of marauders would have gotten a most unpleasant welcome. This scene isn’t from a Hollywood studio film — it’s happening right now with the UN peacekeeping force in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

Today (May 29), we mark the International Day of UN Peacekeepers and honour the 106 peacekeepers who lost their lives in 2013. Over the last year, UN peacekeeping has been asked to adapt to new threats and new challenges, helping more people than ever through some of the world’s most destructive conflicts.

Nearly two months ago, the UN Security Council established our newest peacekeeping mission in the Central African Republic (CAR), a country that continues to experience widespread violence. Once fully deployed, our mission’s 12,000-strong military and police presence will protect the population, Christians and Muslims alike, and assist authorities to re-establish state institutions that ultimately guarantee long-term stability. Elsewhere, our mission in Mali faces the constant threat of asymmetric attacks and simmering violence as it continues to promote an inclusive dialogue and a sustainable settlement to the conflict. In South Sudan, the world’s youngest country, our mission operates within a political crisis that has seen thousands killed and many millions displaced. With the national army becoming a party to the conflict, the UN peacekeeping mission in the country has had to adapt itself overnight to assume the primary role of protecting over 85,000 civilians.

Last year, to help meet the challenges of protecting civilians in Congo — where there is just one peacekeeper per 117 square kilometres — we launched a UUAV programme, a technological first for the UN. Also in the east of the country, where communities are under threat from armed militias, we deployed a specially equipped ‘Force Intervention Brigade’ to support the Congolese Army. Last November, the Brigade successfully supported the military defeat of the Mouvement du 23 Mars (M23), an armed group operating in the North Kivu province, liberating areas under their control and removing the threat posed to civilians. As the demand for UN peacekeeping grows and the organisation is expected to deliver in fast-evolving scenarios, the UN is creating platforms that help it to adapt quickly and do more with its limited resources. For example, UN peacekeeping will launch an expert panel on technological innovation that will advise on how we can best use new and emerging technologies.

The UN has also set up a regional centre in Entebbe, Uganda, which allows our missions to share the use of our air assets and has already saved the organisation about $100 million between 2011 and 2013. Our Blue Helmets are also getting ‘greener’ through the responsible use and stewardship of limited resources, as we aim to leave our mission areas in better shape than when we arrived.

Member states and the UN have a fundamental responsibility to prevent armed conflict and to protect people from atrocities and egregious crimes. Today, protection is at the heart of modern UN peacekeeping — with 10 peacekeeping operations containing 95 per cent of all our deployed personnel. UN peacekeeping brings a unique, universal legitimacy that is unmatched by any other international peace and security instrument. Thus, with an annual budget that represents less than half of a per cent of the total world military expenditure, UN peacekeeping is not only indispensable, it is simply put, good value.

Today, as we remember our fallen colleagues, we dedicate ourselves and the Blue Helmets as a force for peace, a force for change, a force for the future.

Published in The Express Tribune, May 29^th, 2014.

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