First US trial against TikTok to test claims platform fueled teen mental health crisis

TikTok says teen safety is a priority and Section 230 shields platforms from liability over user content

An Alabama jury will hear the state's claims that TikTok and ​its Chinese parent company ByteDance made the platform addictive to young users and misled consumers about its safety, in the ‌first case against the company to reach trial in the sweeping litigation over social media's impact on teen wellbeing.

The trial, which is scheduled to kick off Monday in Montgomery state court and expected to last two to three weeks, could provide a rare look inside TikTok, which has settled prior cases selected for trial and ​sought to keep details of its operations from public view.

Alabama’s lawsuit was filed last year by state Attorney General Steve Marshall, a ​Republican. At least 27 other states and Washington, D.C., have also sued.

TikTok has said it designed its platform ⁠with teen safety as a key priority and argued that Section 230 of the federal Communications Decency Act shields online platforms from liability ​over user-generated content.

Representatives for the Alabama attorney general's office and TikTok, whose US operations were transferred this year to an entity led by US ​investors and 20% owned by ByteDance, did not respond to requests for comment about the trial.

Alabama claims TikTok's endless stream of videos makes it the most addictive social media platform and that its algorithm pushes young users toward increasingly intense content about violence and self-harm, contributing to a teen mental health crisis and causing the ​number of emergency room visits for self-harm in the state to "skyrocket."

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The lawsuit accuses TikTok of falsely claiming it limits access to sexual and violent ​content for young users in order to have its app rated safe for teens in app stores run by Google, Apple and Microsoft and of misleading ‌users about ⁠the Chinese government's access to US users' data.

The state seeks penalties and other relief.

Redacted documents, sealed filings

TikTok’s decision to settle key cases and efforts to seal or heavily redact court records have kept much of the evidence about the privately held company's operations out of public view.

In addition to the states' cases, TikTok faces thousands of lawsuits by individuals, school districts and municipalities over its alleged impact on young users' mental health. Meta ​Platforms, Snap Inc and Alphabet's YouTube are ​also defendants in many of these ⁠cases.

TikTok had settled all cases selected for trial against it, including claims by five young people and a Kentucky school district.

Alabama’s lawsuit claims TikTok asks users to self-report their ages, but it also allows users to evade its ​questions about their age by viewing videos without creating an account, which still allows the company to ​collect data on ⁠their viewing habits. The lack of an effective age restriction makes things like “Kids Mode,” which curates content for young users, entirely useless, according to the lawsuit.

In addition to the states' cases, TikTok faces thousands of lawsuits by individuals, school districts and municipalities over its alleged impact on young users' mental health. Meta ​Platforms, Snap Inc and Alphabet's YouTube are ​also defendants in many of these ⁠cases.

TikTok had settled all cases selected for trial against it, including claims by five young people and a Kentucky school district.

Alabama’s lawsuit claims TikTok asks users to self-report their ages, but it also allows users to evade its ​questions about their age by viewing videos without creating an account, which still allows the company to ​collect data on ⁠their viewing habits. The lack of an effective age restriction makes things like “Kids Mode,” which curates content for young users, entirely useless, according to the lawsuit.