Climate change and growing population, a looming crisis

The writer is a freelance contributor with special focus on issues related to international and national security.

Climate change has posed a serious threat to the survival of the entire world, and Pakistan is no exception. Unfortunately, Pakistan ranks 5th among the countries facing serious climate changes. The impact of climate change is so vast that it has spared nothing, including human health, reduced food production, increased spread of infectious diseases, droughts, glacier melt, sea level rise, changes in the duration and intensity of seasons, floods, and increased heat and cold.

To address Pakistan's climate-related financial issues, the IMF technical mission is currently visiting Pakistan for talks on $1 billion in additional financing. The IMF has already advised Pakistan to invest 1% of its GDP annually in climate resilience and adaptation reforms.

Agriculture in Pakistan is one of the sectors most vulnerable to climate change, resulting in a decline in production. According to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, the agriculture sector contributes about a quarter of Pakistan's GDP and employs 37% of its workforce.

Climate change has altered the rain pattern, and the winter drought in Punjab is having devastating effects on crops, with rainfall in the province down by 40%. The low rainfall has had a significant financial impact on farmers, both small and large. Small farmers are already losing hope and looking for work elsewhere, as this dry season has hit them hard. According to the Meteorological Department, Sindh has received 52% less rainfall than usual, and Balochistan 45%.

It's high time for the authorities to take speedy measures to cope with the challenges of the growing population and climate change. Both issues are interdependent.

In the fight against climate change, another factor burdening the country's resources is the growing population. Pakistan, the fifth most populous country in the world, faces significant challenges in managing its rapidly growing population. Pakistan has one of the fastest-growing populations globally, necessitating strategic efforts to manage population growth and promote family well-being.

The current population of Pakistan is 253,749,877. The population growth rate is around 1.93% per year. If this rate continues, Pakistan's population is projected to reach around 285 million by 2030 and 320 million by 2035. Pakistan's population is equivalent to 3.1% of the total world population.

Meanwhile, available resources to cater to the need for shelter, nutrition, health, education, employment opportunities, and a good quality of life are stretched. In the education sector, only 6% of the youth population can avail themselves of higher education, while a significant 29% lack access to any form of education. The same challenges exist in the health, employment, and housing sectors.

With the population projected to reach around 275 million by 2030, the healthcare system will face significant challenges in meeting the increased demand for services. The unemployment rate reflects ongoing challenges in the job market, including economic policies and global trends.

Through strategic planning and engagement with youth, religious leaders, and communities, Pakistan can achieve sustainable development and improved public health outcomes. Religious and community leaders should promote family planning within Islamic teachings. Technical training for women reduces dependence on large families and improves reproductive decisions.

This amplifying rise is an immense challenge and hurdle in the development of Pakistan. Managing Pakistan’s population growth requires a multifaceted approach, integrating education, healthcare, cultural acceptance, and technological advancements.