Water woes

Pakistan stands at a critical juncture as the Indus River System Authority (Irsa) sounds the alarm on a 30% water shortage at the onset of the sowing season for vital cash crops like rice and cotton. This shortfall casts a shadow of uncertainty over the agricultural landscape, the cornerstone of our economy, as farmers prepare to plant their seeds in parched fields.

The prospect of relief looms on the horizon with the promise of monsoon rains, expected to alleviate the water scarcity gripping the nation. However, this glimmer of hope is tempered by the foreboding forecast of higher-than-normal temperatures during the monsoon season, raising apprehensions about the sustainability of agricultural production in the face of escalating climate variability. Agriculture reigns supreme as the largest sector of Pakistan’s economy, contributing a substantial 24% to its GDP. Yet, this vital sector finds itself under scrutiny for its inefficiency in water usage. Moreover, the specter of climate change looms large, casting a long shadow over Pakistan’s agricultural landscape. The country has been grappling with the profound impacts of shifting and unpredictable weather patterns, which have intensified in recent years. In the midst of all this, practical recommendations are vital to steer the sector towards resilience and sustainability. Firstly, promoting water-efficient farming practices, such as drip irrigation and laser land leveling, can significantly reduce water wastage while enhancing crop yields. Secondly, encouraging crop diversification towards drought-resistant varieties can help mitigate the impact of water scarcity on agricultural production.

Additionally, integrated water management strategies, including rainwater harvesting and groundwater recharge should be looked into by the government. All these initiatives must be supported by a robust policy framework. Doing so will help kill two birds with one stone by helping fight water scarcity as well as food insecurity.

Published in The Express Tribune, April 6^th, 2024.

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