The Haqqani network, which mainly operates out of Pakistan's border areas, is blamed for some of the deadliest and most sophisticated attacks on US and Afghan troops in Afghanistan.
The National Directorate for Security (NDS), Afghanistan's intelligence agency, said in a statement those arrested were behind the attack that killed seven journalists in Kabul.
Taliban warns TV station staff not to promote immorality after attack
The journalists died when returning home after a day's work when their company minibus was rammed by a car driven by a suicide bomber in evening rush hour traffic.
NDS said the arrests were made in a district in the southeast Kabul and no further details were given.
The Taliban claimed responsibility for the bombing and said they targeted Tolo TV, Afghanistan's largest private television network, because it was producing propaganda for the US military and its allies.
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The Taliban openly threatened to target the station after it reported allegations of summary executions, rape and kidnappings by Taliban fighters during the battle for the northern city of Kunduz last year.
Tolo, which created Afghanistan's first 24-hour news channel, has won a reputation for fast and credible reporting.
During their five years in power, the Taliban banned television to stop people viewing what they derided as vulgar, immoral and anti-Islamic material.
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The Haqqani network technically falls under the command of the Taliban, although US officials believe they can act independently.
The group's leader Sirajuddin Haqqani was appointed as the deputy to the Taliban's new leader last year.
The Haqqanis have been blamed for some of the most spectacular attacks against American targets in Afghanistan, a raid on Kabul's top hotel, an assassination attempt on then-President Hamid Karzai and a suicide bombing at the Indian Embassy.
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