A police official said a small truck packed with explosives detonated near Camp Baron, a heavily protected residential compound for civilian technical contractors close to the airport, smashing windows and badly damaging nearby houses.
The official said the blast caused at least 10 casualties outside the gates of the compound.
Suicide bomber strikes near Kabul airport: officials
There did not appear to be any inside the compound and there were no immediate details on what numbers of the casualties were killed or wounded.
Medical aid group Emergency, which runs a hospital in Kabul, said it was receiving wounded at its surgical centre.
Militant attack? Explosions at Indian consulate in Afghanistan
Monday's attacks occurred as Special Forces in the northern city of Mazar-i-Sharif fought to suppress a small group of insurgents holding out after an attack on the Indian consulate on Sunday night.
The attacks have coincided with renewed efforts to restart stalled peace talks with the Taliban.
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