Goal of these companies is maximising shareholder value via dividend disbursement

Govt should ask for subsidised loans or such funding that can be repaid in local currency

Waning corporate profits, higher crude prices may create jitters in market

Short-term capital gains do not bode well for developing economy where millions are underemployed or unemployed

Under changed architecture, economy endures trade deficit in goods and services

Successive govts have ignored traditional economic fundamentals such as high aggregate demand, real exchange rate

With high interest rate and surplus, income-GDP growth falls, tax collection shrinks while taxes are increased

Financial position of developing states remains fragile; they can dip into crisis as confidence of lender drops

IMF programmes provide financing lifeline; remittances and import controls shape current account

SBP conducts sterilisation operation by selling govt securities to mop up excess liquidity in banking system