The suspected spy, caught in late October in Jilin province after a tip-off from a farmer, was also carrying a high-powered telescope and photos of military facilities, the report said.
The report did not identify the nationality of the person. In September and October, China reported detaining some Japanese people for spying.
Chinese foreign ministry spokesperson Hong Lei told a news conference in Beijing he did not know anything about the case.
Espionage and intelligence gathering activities have been "rampant" in recent years, the report said. It quoted a military official as saying the rise in tourism in the scenic, forested region in northeastern China had created an opportunity for criminals.
"They enter the region in the name of running businesses and tourism, waiting for an opportunity to gather intelligence on us, while at the same time trying hard to rope in and instigate our people, bringing serious harm to our national security and development interests," it said.
President Xi Jinping has overseen a tightening of already strict security laws and regulations, including setting up a new national security commission and renaming the national security law, which took effect in 1993, as the Counterespionage Law.
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