The attack took place in southeastern Paktika province, on the border with Pakistan. Details were not immediately clear.
The explosion was caused by either a car or motorcycle bomb, local officials said, and probably targeted local government officials watching the match.
Read: Afghanistan violence: Suicide bomber kills 50 at volleyball game
A similar attack last year at a volleyball match killed at least 50 people in the same province. There was no immediate claim of responsibility.
Since the withdrawal of most foreign troops from Afghanistan last year, the Afghan security forces have been fighting the militant Taliban with only limited support.
The Taliban was ousted by a US-led coalition in 2001 and has been waging an increasingly violent insurgency for over a decade.
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