China launches test return orbiter for lunar mission

The lunar orbiter will fly around the moon for half a circle and return to Earth

China early on Friday launched an unmanned spacecraft to test technologies which it plans to use in the Chang'e-5, a future probe that will conduct the country's first moon mission with a return to Earth, Xinhua reported.

The spacecraft was launched from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center in southwest China's Sichuan Province atop an advanced Long March-3C rocket.

According to the State Administration of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense, the test spacecraft successfully separated from its carrier rocket and entered the expected orbit shortly after the liftoff.

The whole mission will take about eight days.

The lunar orbiter, which was developed by China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, will fly around the moon for half a circle and return to Earth.

While returning back to earth, the test spacecraft will approach the terrestrial atmosphere at a velocity of nearly 11.2 kilometers per second and rebound to slow down before re-entering the atmosphere. It will land in north China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.

The aim of the mission is mission is to obtain experimental data and validate re-entry technologies such as guidance, navigation and control, heat shield and trajectory design for a future touch-down on the moon by Chang'e-5, which is expected to be sent to the moon, collect samples and return to Earth in 2017.

It is for the first time that China has conducted a test involving a half-orbiter around the moon at a height of 380,000 kilometers before having the spacecraft return to Earth.

The test orbiter is a precursor to the last phase of a three-step moon probe project, a lunar sample return mission.

China carried out Chang'e-1 and Chang'e-2 missions in 2007 and 2010, respectively, capping the orbital phase.

The ongoing second phase saw Chang'e-3 with the country's first moon rover Yutu onboard succeed in soft landing on the moon in December 2013. Chang'e-4 is the backup probe of Chang'e-3 and will help pave the way for future probes.