Two suicide bombers blew themselves up and all five other attackers were killed in fighting as elite Afghan troops stormed the half-built properties where the militants had holed up.
Loud explosions and sporadic bursts of small-arms fire erupted for at least four hours after the attack woke up residents of the Afghan capital at about 4:30 am local time.
"There were seven assailants - two (suicide bombers) died detonating themselves and five others were killed in fighting," Kabul police chief Mohammad Ayoub Salangi told reporters.
"There have not been any casualties to the security forces, and we have not received any report of civilian casualties so far."
Officials immediately hailed the security forces' response, with Adela Raz, a spokeswomen for President Hamid Karzai, praising their "bravery and courage" on her Twitter feed.
Praising the bravery and courage of our national security forces. May they always be strong and undefeatable!
— Adela Raz (@AdelaRaz) June 10, 2013
The Nato coalition said that some international forces were involved in the operation against the militants, but that Kabul's increasingly professional quick-response units were in the lead.
Three suicide vests were found at the scene where the insurgents used rocket-propelled grenades (RPGs) and machine guns to fend off Afghan forces and attack the airport on the northeast side of Kabul.
No damage was reported inside the heavily-guarded airport, which has both a civilian and military terminal and contains a large base for the US-led Nato coalition.
The militants did not manage to breach the airport complex but all flights were cancelled or re-routed for several hours.
A Taliban spokesman said the insurgent group was responsible for the attack, adding that a large number of foreign and Afghan soldiers had been killed - a claim dismissed by Afghanistan and Nato.
Kabul last came under attack on May 24, when Taliban militants launched a coordinated suicide and gun attack on a compound of the International Organization for Migration (IOM).
One insurgent detonated himself outside the compound in fighting that left several buildings in the city centre destroyed or badly damaged.
A policeman, two civilians and all four militants died in that attack - which was also widely lauded as a victory for Afghan's security forces due to the limited casualty numbers.
The effectiveness of Afghanistan's national police and army is crucial to the government's ability to defeat the Taliban insurgency as 100,000 Nato-led combat troops withdraw by the end of 2014.
Afghan security personnel are being trained by the international coalition, but there are widespread fears that they will not be able to impose security nationwide after 12 years of war.
On Saturday, an Afghan soldier shot dead two US soldiers and one US civilian in the eastern province of Paktika, the latest "insider attack" to undermine efforts by the two armies to work together to defeat the Taliban insurgency.
In another recent attack to shake confidence in Afghanistan's prospects after 2014, International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) offices in the eastern city of Jalalabad were attacked on May 29.
The two-hour assault, which left one Afghan guard dead, was the first time ICRC offices have been targeted in Afghanistan since the aid organisation began work in the country 26 years ago.
The Taliban, who were ousted from power in Kabul in 2001 for sheltering the al Qaeda militants behind the 9/11 attacks, have fought a long and bloody insurgency against Karzai's US-backed government.
The president was on a visit to Qatar and was not scheduled to fly back until Tuesday.
COMMENTS (10)
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@numbersnumbers:
They are only CIA/RAW/Mossad Actors when their mission fails and they don't manage to kill innocent people. You really need to start frequenting this comments more and get with the program...
@khan: Wow, "Drama staged by the US"! How much were these "actors" paid for this Dramatic Performance??? By the way, did they belong to the Actors Guild, and what is the Union Scale rate for "blowing oneself up" while in such a realistic highly scripted "Drama"???
@Zalmai: Oh you me the TTP who are financed and saported by your masters from CIA and India.
@Zalmai: "If you have any humanity, you would rejoice at the small but significant victories of the Afghan Security Forces but I get the feeling that most Pakistanis would rather see them fail like their own soldiers that are routinely decapitated by the TTP."
You seem to think that it is jealousy that prevents Pakistanis from rejoicing. Much more likely it is sadness as there maybe a belated recognition that their plans of installing Afghan Taliban may not pan out quite as they had hoped. I am sure as a knowledgeable Afghan, I do not need to refresh your memory that Pakistan, UAE and KSA were the only governments that recognized the brutal Afghan Taliban government during 1996-2001 after Pakistan helped to install them.
@Pakistanis
If you have any humanity, you would rejoice at the small but significant victories of the Afghan Security Forces but I get the feeling that most Pakistanis would rather see them fail like their own soldiers that are routinely decapitated by the TTP.
Kayani should seriously start to think of sending his army for training by Afghan forces. I feel deeply elated every time I read of the bravery and courage displayed repeatedly by the professional Afghan forces. They have become highly professional in a very short space of time. Salute them.
@khan: Agreed. But US is not going to leave Afghanistan since she is not going to get a safe and respectable exit. What a problem!
@khan:
Looks like your veritable arm is becoming less and less potent. Is it that hard to decide to be on the right side of history with at least one of your neighbors?
"but that Kabul’s increasingly professional quick-response units were in the lead" Another "drama" staged by USA to tell the world that the Afghan forces have been groomed to such a level that they can defend Kabul, ahead of their 2014 pull out.
All the recent killings are part of an ongoing proxy war between Pakistan and NATO countries.