Tall Poppy Syndrome: what's behind cutting down excellence

Hard work, dedication and personal growth are often thought of as factors that lead to success. In many cultures including collectivist societies like Pakistan and other Asian cultures where sometimes standing out and being different can lead to criticism. A talented student may be labelled as a teacher's favourite, a hardworking employee may be accused of seeking attention, and an innovative professional may be criticised for thinking too highly of himself. This is a psychological and social phenomenon, the Tall Poppy Syndrome, referred to when exceptional success or achievement is criticised, undermined or discouraged. The term Tall Poppy Syndrome comes from an ancient Roman story mentioned by historian Livy. The king gave instructions on dealing with the powerful in the world, by cutting the tallest poppies in his garden. The tallest flowers were people who rose above the others because they were exceptional and cutting them was a way of cutting off people who were becoming too successful or influential.

Tall Poppy Syndrome is a concept used today by psychologists as a metaphor when people who achieve success in their lives are not appreciated instead they face criticism, jealously and social pressure. Although Tall Poppy Syndrome is discussed globally, it can be visible in Asian societies where the reputation of the family, social harmony, hierarchy and respect for elders are very much a part of the culture. In Pakistan, there are many such sayings which discourage ambition like "Zyada aagay mat niklo, promotion aesy he nahi mil jati time lagta hy", "Ye tumhara kaam nahi ho sakta ye kisi sy karwaya hy". These messages can slowly impact self-confidence and motivation if repeated by family members, peers, teachers or colleagues.

One of the biggest domains where Tall Poppy Syndrome is seen is education and workplace. Oftentimes, students who do very well and succeed in getting scholarships, publishing research papers or gaining international recognition can experience resentment rather than appreciation. Young professionals with innovative ideas may face resistance from insecure colleagues who feel threatened by their potential. Despite offering them guidance and support, they may criticise, overlook achievements or limit opportunities which may affect their mental health. True seniority is demonstrated by guiding, supporting and helping others grow not by holding them back. Respecting senior is important but questioning them when they are wrong is not disrespectful. Healthy professional environments encourage respectful dialogue, accountability and growth.

Tall Poppy Syndrome does not directly lead to suicide, but for vulnerable people, ongoing criticism, humiliation and social rejection can add to their psychological burden. Researches shows that toxic work environment and bullying by seniors increase the risk of depression, anxiety and suicide. Employees exposed to workplace bullying are twice as likely to experience suicidal thoughts (Zhao et al., 2023).

History is full of individuals who were criticised before being recognised. Abdul Sattar Edhi faced opposition for challenging traditional charity practices; Babar Azam has faced intense criticism despite his achievements in young age; and Steve Jobs was fired from the company he co-founded. Their stories tell us that exceptional individuals are often resisted before their contributions are fully appreciated.

The solution to Tall Poppy Syndrome is to promote a culture that values collaboration. Encouraging mentorship, constructive feedback and humility helps individuals view others' achievements as inspiration rather than a threat.

A garden does not become beautiful by cutting down its tallest flowers. It becomes beautiful when every flower receives care and space to grow. Similarly, societies do not progress by reducing the achievements of successful individuals. Societies progress when they celebrate excellence, support ambition and success of others.