UAE's new oil pipeline push to double export capacity bypassing Hormuz

خالد بن محمد بن زايد يترأس اجتماع اللجنة التنفيذية لمجلس إدارة "أدنوك"، وسموّه يستعرض أداء الشركة ويطّلع على مستجدات مشروع خط أنابيب "غرب–شرق 1" الجديد، الذي من المخطط أن يسهم في مضاعفة السعة التصديرية لشركة "أدنوك" عبر إمارة الفجيرة. pic.twitter.com/Zj7eaPtf77

Since the outbreak of the Iran war, Tehran has significantly expanded its definition of the strait ​and, consequently, the maritime area it claims control over.

The Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) Navy published a map on May 4 showing a new zone ​of control encompassing much of the UAE's Gulf of Oman coastline. That move coincided with a drone attack on an ADNOC tanker ⁠and a barrage on Fujairah's oil zone, which the UAE’s foreign ministry called an "unacceptable transgression" and "economic blackmail".

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On Tuesday, the IRGC announced a further expansion, redefining the strait as a "vast operational ​area" stretching up to 300 miles (482.8 km) wide.

Bypassing the Strait

Tehran has effectively shut the maritime chokepoint since the US and Israel attacked Iran on February 28, disrupting about ​a fifth of global oil supplies. Energy prices have surged due to the disruption, prompting fuel rationing in some countries and fears of an economic downturn as inflation builds.

A map showing the existing UAE oil pipeline that bypasses the Strait of Hormuz PHOTO: REUTERS

ADMO did not disclose the original timeline for the project.

The existing Abu Dhabi Crude Oil Pipeline (ADCOP), also known as the Habshan-Fujairah pipeline, can carry up to 1.8 million barrels per day and has proved crucial as ​the UAE seeks to maximise exports from the Gulf of Oman coast, just outside the strait.

The UAE and Saudi Arabia are the only Gulf producers with pipelines ​that export crude outside the strait. Oman has a long coastline on the Gulf of Oman, while Kuwait, Iraq, Qatar and Bahrain are almost wholly reliant on the waterway for shipments.

The ‌new UAE ⁠pipeline is not to be confused with Saudi Arabia's East-West pipeline, which state oil giant Aramco's Chief Executive Amin Nasser has called a "critical lifeline".

Aramco ramped up the pipeline's capacity to 7m bpd in eight days, he said, keeping about 60% of the kingdom’s pre-war exports flowing.

Free from quotas

Two weeks ago, the UAE exited the Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, which is de facto led by Saudi Arabia, freeing it of oil output quotas. It could boost output capacity to 6m bpd if necessary, its ​energy minister told Reuters last year.

ADNOC ​is targeting 5m bpd of capacity ⁠by next year, a goal brought forward by three years. It said in May 2024 that capacity had reached 4.85m bpd and has not provided an update since.

ADNOC Drilling, one of the group's six listed subsidiaries, is ready to deliver whatever ​capacity expansion ADNOC needs, its finance chief told Reuters this week.

The UAE produced just under 3.4m bpd in January ​before the war, but ⁠output more than halved after the effective closure of the Strait of Hormuz forced ADNOC to shut in some production, Reuters reported in March.

Fujairah and the nearby port of Khor Fakkan have emerged as lifelines, including for non-oil trade, as the UAE relies heavily on food imports. Fujairah has been the target of several attacks, which the UAE has blamed ⁠on Iran, that ​forced temporary halts to oil loadings in April. Saudi Arabia's Red Sea port of Yanbu, where ​the East-West pipeline terminates, was also attacked.

The UAE and its oil buyers recently sailed several tankers through the strait with location trackers switched off to avoid Iranian attacks, in a bid to move oil trapped in ​the Gulf, Reuters reported.