Russia maintains emergency hotlines with US, NATO

Russia said on Tuesday that it still had an emergency hotline with the United States and the NATO military alliance to deflate crises as nuclear risks rise amid the gravest confrontation between Moscow and West since the depths of the Cold War.
The 2-1/2-year-old Ukraine war is entering what Russian officials say is its most dangerous phase as Russian forces advance and the U.S. ponders allowing Kyiv to strike deep into Russia with Western missiles.
President Vladimir Putin said on Sept. 12 that Western approval for such a step would mean “the direct involvement of NATO countries, the United States and European countries in the war in Ukraine”.
Russian Deputy Foreign Minister Alexander Grushko, who oversees relations with Europe and NATO, told the state RIA news agency that Moscow perceives the military alliance to be increasing the role of nuclear weapons in its strategy.
Russia, Grushko said, was updating its nuclear doctrine to send a signal “so that our opponents have no illusions about our readiness to ensure the security of the Russian Federation with all available means.” Putin is changing Russia’s nuclear doctrine to give Russia a slightly lower threshold for using such weapons in response to an attack with conventional weapons.
The United States casts China as its biggest competitor and Russia as its biggest nation-state threat, while US President Joe Biden argues that this century will be defined by an existential contest between democracies and autocracies.
A so-called hotline between Moscow and Washington was established in 1963 to reduce the misperceptions that stoked the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962 by allowing direct communication between the US and Russian leaders.
The US-Russian hotline, now a secure computer communication system, has been used during major crises such as the Six Day War of 1967, the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979, the 9/11 attacks of 2001 and after the U.S. invasion of Iraq in 2003.