HIV alarm

Pakistan is grappling with an alarming escalation in HIV cases. The country is experiencing the second fastest rate of HIV increase in the Asia-Pacific region, largely due to the spread of the virus from key populations to the general population through sexual networks. The epidemic is primarily affecting key populations such as people who inject drugs (PWID), male and female sex workers and transgender individuals. HIV is spread through specific bodily fluids and gradually weakens the immune system, reducing the body's ability to fight infections. Without treatment, it can advance to AIDS, a stage where the immune system is severely compromised, making even minor illnesses potentially life-threatening. Recent reports highlight the severity of our fight against this public health crisis, especially in the light of global advancements in managing and reducing HIV transmission. A small percentage of those diagnosed are receiving the essential antiretroviral therapy, leaving the majority vulnerable to further spread of the virus.

Another significant factor in the spread of the disease is the extensive use of contaminated medical equipment by healthcare providers. In Pakistan, there is a dire need to change society's attitude towards the disease. People often avoid getting tested for HIV because of the stigma associated with the disease, which can lead to judgment from relatives and even healthcare professionals. It is essential to understand that the battle against HIV involves more than just the health sector. Addressing the HIV issue requires a societal shift to challenge misconceptions, fight discrimination and create a supportive environment. Essential components include mental health support, strict infection control in healthcare settings and inclusive policies for marginalised communities. India, with a population base of over a billion, has largely been successfully combating the epidemic over the past two decades. There is no reason why authorities in Pakistan cannot do so either.