Ukraine's Olha Kharlan was disqualified for not shaking the hand of her beaten Russian opponent Anna Smirnova at the Fencing World Championships on Thursday.
Four-time sabre world champion Kharlan had told AFP a fortnight ago she would not shake hands with a Russian if she fought one.
She had earlier become the first athlete officially representing Ukraine to face a Russian or Belarusian opponent since Russia invaded Ukraine in February 2022.
The 32-year-old had been given the green light only at 0600GMT on Thursday morning, coming hours after the Ukraine sports ministry late Wednesday changed its previous policy of barring athletes from facing Russians or Belarusians competing as neutrals.
The new policy says Ukrainians cannot face athletes who "represent the Russian Federation and Belarus".
Smirnova was competing as a neutral.
The change of tack by the Ukrainian sports ministry dramatically reduces the chances of a boycott of the Paris Olympics next year.
The statement read they would not send national teams "to participate in international sports competitions, in which athletes representing the Russian Federation and/or the Republic of Belarus participate under their national flags, and/or use their own national symbols, and/or express their affiliation with the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus by their public actions or statements."
This relaxation of the policy permits Ukrainian athletes to get on and earn invaluable qualifying points for the Games.
This opportunity was denied to Igor Reizlin, who withdrew from his fencing bout against a Russian on Wednesday, and Kharlan only got the green light to fence at 0600GMT Thursday a member of the Ukrainian delegation told AFP.
Four-time world sabre champion Kharlan outclassed Smirnova and fulfilling the promise she made to AFP in an interview a fortnight ago refused to either acknowledge her Russian opponent or shake her hand at the end of the contest.
The 32-year-old -- who hopes to add the elusive Olympic individual gold next year to complete the full set of titles -- was cheered on by around 20 members of the Ukrainian delegation chanting 'Slava Ukraini' ('Glory to Ukraine').
Smirnova furious at the snub and her loss stood her ground and was still sitting on her chair 10 minutes after the bout.
Kharlan was livid with the IOC and the International Fencing Federation (FIE) for permitting Russians and Belarusians to compete again, albeit as neutral athletes.
Belarus is seen as Russia's ally in the Ukraine invasion.
"How are Ukrainian athletes meant to feel when the IOC should be on our side and delivering justice but in fact they are doing things totally against us?" she told AFP in an interview earlier this month.
Kharlan had, though, expressed her doubts about Ukraine's policy of barring their athletes from events where Russians and Belarusians were competing.
Ukraine's judokas had been pulled out of the world championships earlier this year due to Russians and Belarusians being present.
"It is important to our nation we do not remain on the couch," she told AFP.
"I am really proud of our tennis players and imagining myself in their place, playing or fencing against the people whose country is bombing and killing our compatriots.
"It must be very hard but you know you have to as it is a way of fighting, you are the fighter in your own way."
Ukrainian tennis players have been playing Russians and Belarusians since the invasion in February, 2022, but as individuals not representing their country. They too have avoided shaking hands with their opponents.
"They are right not to shake hands, I cannot imagine a scenario where I would," said Kharlan.
"We have different fronts, we also have sport which is about the fight and the struggle."
The IOC are yet to make a final decision over whether Russians and Belarusians will be able to compete in Paris which still leavs open the potential for a change of mind by the Ukrainians over a boycott.
"We have not yet taken a decision regarding the Olympics," Vadym Gutzeit, Ukrainian Sports Minister and a former fencer himself, told Le Monde newspaper on Tuesday.
"We await the final decision to see if (the Russians and Belarusians) will be given the green light to compete or not."
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