Consumers and politicians called the online ad "sickening" and "irresponsible", saying it went directly against public campaigns denouncing domestic violence.
The ad, published on Facebook, aimed to publicise a Belgian hamburger brand, Bicky Burger.
Its cartoon style borrowed from 1950s and 1960s American pop-art made famous by artist Roy Lichtenstein and by a panel from a 1965 comic showing Batman slapping his sidekick Robin that has been reworked into a long-running internet meme.
The Bicky Burger ad depicts a man in a suit swinging his fist to violently hit a buxom blonde woman carrying a fast-food container as he exclaims: "Seriously, a fake Bicky?"
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The head of Belgium's regulatory Advertising Council, Sandrine Sepul, said the agency had received 300 complaints from the public in 24 hours.
She said that a Dutch food company, Izico, commissioned the advertisement and her agency had transmitted the complaints to its counterpart in the Netherlands.
Izico was ordered to explain itself, she said, adding that possible punishment could be decided "in a few weeks".
Belgian media ran indignant reports on the controversy, which led to the ad being pulled from Facebook -- but it was relayed thousands of times in individual social media posts.
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Le Soir newspaper asked how such an advertising campaign could be created in 2019 when, in Belgium, "every 10 days a man kills his wife or his ex. And every day a number of women are humiliated, raped, beaten."
Two regional politicians in charge of gender equality for Brussels and for the Wallonia part of Belgium said they had also called on the country's Advertising Council to act.
One of them, Nawal Ben Hamou, said on her Facebook page she found the ad "sickening and totally irresponsible".
The other, Christie Morreale, echoed that in a tweet saying that "using violence towards women in an ad is irresponsible".
Il n’y a plus de place pour la banalisation des actes de violence faites aux femmes ! C’est la raison pour laquelle mon cabinet étudie actuellement la possibilité de déposer plainte au pénal au sujet de cette publicité abjecte diffusée hier sur les réseaux sociaux.
— Christie Morreale (@christiemorreal) October 9, 2019
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