The funds of 1,133 charities were to be frozen, the committee said in a statement, as well as numerous other entities it said were owned by the Brotherhood.
The decision came after a law was passed earlier this year to oversee the freezing of assets of 'terrorists' and "terrorist groups".
Egypt sentences 75 people to death over 2013 sit-in
The Muslim Brotherhood was outlawed and designated a terrorist organisation in Egypt in December 2013, months after the military ousted president Mohamed Morsi following mass protests against his rule.
The judicial committee additionally announced the assets of 1,589 Brotherhood members would be frozen, including some of the movement's leaders.
Police raid in southern Egypt kill five 'extremists'
Some 118 companies, 104 schools, 69 hospitals and 33 websites and satellite channels were also hit with an asset freeze.
Brotherhood members were among 75 people whose death sentences were upheld on Saturday over clashes in 2013 between security forces and Morsi supporters.
Hundreds of others were given lengthy prison terms in one of Egypt's largest mass trials since the country's 2011 uprising, with 739 defendants facing charges.
The United Nations said the death sentences were the result of an "unfair trial" and warned if they were carried out would "represent a gross and irreversible miscarriage of justice".
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