Daoud was the operational commander for eight provinces in Afghanistan and was an aide to Ahmed Shah Massoud.
The Hizb-e-Islami claimed responsibility for the attack.
"The inspector general has also been killed and the governor is injured," said a spokesperson for the Hizb-e-Islami from an unknown location.
Soldiers from the NATO-led International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) were also among the victims, an ISAF spokesman said, without specifying whether they had been killed or wounded.
"There was a meeting about security at the complex where the governor's office is," said Qutbuddin Kamal, a senior aide to provincial governor Abdul Jabar Taqwa.
"At the end of the meeting, when we wanted to leave, a suicide bomber waiting in the corridor blew himself up," he said.
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