Police said they surrounded Mark Conditt, a 23-year-old white male, outside a hotel in city suburbs, where a series of bombings that began on March 2 killed two people and injured several others.
The suspect detonated a device in his car and later died, Austin police chief Brian Manley said, bringing a dramatic end to the massive manhunt involving hundreds of federal agents and local police.
"It has been a long almost three weeks for the community of Austin," Manley said.
Police zeroed in on Conditt over the past 24 to 36 hours as evidence came in from video footage and witness accounts, Manley said.
A sealed federal arrest warrant and criminal complaint had been filed Tuesday night, charging Conditt with one count of unlawful possession and transfer of a destructive device, the US Department of Justice said.
The filings remained under seal as investigators continued to probe for possible accomplices and a motive.
"The investigation continues because there's still outstanding questions," city Mayor Steve Adler told CNN.
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Authorities had warned early Wednesday that Conditt may have planted other explosives before his death, but by late afternoon, they sounded cautiously optimistic that all explosives were accounted for.
"We think we're on top of this, but we just don't know," the FBI's agent in charge Christopher Combs said at a news conference.
President Donald Trump offered his congratulations to police, writing on Twitter: "AUSTIN BOMBING SUSPECT IS DEAD. Great job by law enforcement and all concerned!"
Law enforcement officers searched a home in the Austin suburb of Pflugerville identified as Conditt's residence. Police evacuated a five-block radius and detained the suspect's two roommates for questioning.
Fred Milanowski of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) said a recovery team discovered explosive material in the home, along with "componentry" that resembled those found at the scenes of previous explosions.
"There was no completed devices in the house," Milanowski told a news conference. "We have a reasonable certainty that there are no other devices."
The Houston Chronicle reported that Conditt grew up in a religious family, was homeschooled and briefly attended a local community college.
Police could not say how he had learned to build explosive devices.
News organizations found a 2012 blog with six postings attributed to Conditt, who would have been a teenager at the time of their publication.
On it, Conditt described himself as "conservative."
The posts, apparently part of a class assignment, argued against gay marriage, saying homosexuality was "not natural," supported the death penalty, and criticized the sex offender registry.
Jeremiah Jensen, who told radio station KERA that he had been friends with Conditt in 2012 and 2013, described him as a "deep thinker, very smart guy."
"Four or five years ago, this was not Mark. Mark was funny and happy for the most part," Jensen said.
Conditt's family released a statement to CNN saying they were unaware of "the darkness that Mark must have been in."
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"Our family is a normal family in every way. We love, we pray, and we try to inspire and serve others. Right now our prayers are for those families that have lost loved ones, for those impacted in any way, and for the soul of our Mark."
CBS affiliate KEYE in Austin published photos it said were taken from security footage of the bombing suspect, wearing a blue baseball cap, gloves and possibly a wig as he dropped off packages Sunday at a FedEx office in Austin.
One of the bombs detonated early Tuesday at a FedEx sorting facility in Schertz, south of Austin.
Texas Congressman Mike McCaul, who chairs the homeland security committee in the US House, told KXAN TV that the suspect's use of FedEx was a major break in the case.
"Everything flowed from his going into this FedEx store, because from there we were able to ascertain who the individual was," McCaul said.
Amid the lingering questions, residents of Austin — a city of nearly one million people — were contemplating the end of a three-week ordeal.
"I think everybody is taking a deep breath this morning," said Adler, the city's mayor.
Miguel Alvarado, who was heading to a park with his son on Tuesday night, told AFP that the serial bombings had taken a toll.
"People are a little shaken up," Alvarado said.
While the ordeal was coming to an end, some families and neighborhoods were permanently altered.
The first explosion on March 2 killed Anthony Stephan House — a 39-year-old father of an eight-year-old girl who had started a money management company and worked for two Texas-based firms.
The second blast on March 12 killed 17-year-old Draylen Mason— a high school senior and a musician in a youth orchestra, who was headed to college.
"There's a sense of grief about what happened," said one Austin resident who did not want to be identified. "It changes your sense of safety."
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