The shooting in the province of Minya on Friday, as the Coptic Christians were travelling on a bus to a monastery, was the latest in a series of attacks by IS that have killed more than 100 Copts since December.
"A security detachment from the Islamic State carried out an attack yesterday in Minya," the group's self styled Amaq news agency reported.
Egypt hits militants after attack on Christians kills 28
Masked gunmen in three pick-up trucks had attacked the bus as it was heading for Saint Samuel monastery in Minya province, more than 200 kilometres (120 miles) south of Cairo, before fleeing, according to the interior ministry.
Egypt's government said the shooting killed 29 people, and it responded by conducting air strikes on militant camps in the eastern Libyan city of Derna later on Friday.
The bus attack followed two suicide bombings of churches in April that killed 45 Copts. In December, a suicide bomber struck a church in Cairo, killing 29 Copts.
IS claimed all the bombings and threatened more attacks on the Copts, who make up about 10 percent of Egypt's 90-million population.
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