The security forces launched a manhunt for the attackers and the escapees, the ministry said on Twitter.
PT: full details of MOI statement on PMC website https://t.co/DxSvwdVzPS
— Ministry of Interior (@moi_bahrain) January 1, 2017
The attack took place at Jaw prison south of the capital Manama.
The ministry said four or five members of a "terrorist group" armed with automatic rifles and pistols attacked at 05:30 local time.
It said one policeman was killed and another wounded in the attack, which allowed 10 prisoners to flee. Seven had been serving life sentences and three were serving lengthy jail terms for "terrorist acts", the ministry added.
UAE court sentences Pakistani national to 10 years over ‘financing IS, al Qaeda’
The tiny but strategic Gulf state has been rocked by unrest since its Sunni authorities crushed Shia-led protests in 2011 demanding a constitutional monarchy and an elected prime minister.
Hundreds of Shia have been arrested and many have faced trials over their role in the demonstrations.
Police on Sunday set up or reinforced roadblocks near Shia villages outside the capital, witnesses said. Despite the crackdown, protesters have frequently clashed with security forces in these villages.
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In June, 17 prisoners broke out of Al-Hadd jail east of Manama, but the authorities recaptured 11 of them the next day.
Bahrain, which is connected to Saudi Arabia by a causeway, lies across the Gulf from Shia Iran and is home to the US Fifth Fleet.
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