Gabor Roman, a 25-year-old of no fixed address, was arrested on July 10 in the plush London street where the Portuguese boss lives.
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He appeared before a London court on Tuesday charged with attempted burglary.
"He pleaded guilty and was sentenced to four weeks in prison," London's Metropolitan Police said in a statement.
The Sun newspaper, which carried the story on its front page, said the incident took place while Mourinho was watching Portugal win the European Championships on television.
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The tabloid said his maid screamed as she saw Roman trying to get in a basement door.
A private security guard hired by local residents noticed his unusual behaviour, going from house to house trying the doors.
Following the scream, the guard blocked Roman as he tried to get away, The Sun said.
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It had a picture of Mourinho and his wife looking out of the window as Roman was arrested.
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