Stokes was hit for four successive sixes by West Indies' Carlos Brathwaite in the last over of the T20 final, the onslaught ending England's hopes of a second title.
Broad, the world's top-ranked test bowler, was famously blasted for six sixes by India's Yuvraj Singh in the 2007 tournament, but used the setback as motivation and has backed Stokes to follow suit.
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"I wouldn't be the bowler I am now without that experience," Broad told British media.
"You're dead right, people would have sat there thinking: 'Why did you go that way?'
"But you've got to go with what you feel is your strength, so as a player you'll always have things you are confident in. I prefer a player to get it wrong going for something they believe is their strength than going to something that isn't.
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"Don't be surprised if Stokesy now performs at a really high level because he'll realise what went wrong and channel it the right way -- he has an amazing talent."
England kick off their three-match home test series against Sri Lanka at Headingley on Thursday, which will be followed by an ODI series.
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