Depression remains a critical health concern, affecting over 280 million people worldwide, according to the WHO. A report presented at the 24th International Psychiatric Conference revealed that Pakistan has one of the highest rates of depression in the South Asian region, with a staggering prevalence exceeding 83%. This suggests that eight in ten people may experience this condition at some point in their lives. However, due to the absence of national registries, the exact number of individuals suffering from depression in Pakistan remains underestimated, and it is anticipated that these figures will continue to rise.
The alarming increase in cases of depression necessitates urgent action from healthcare systems and calls for local governments to play a pivotal role in addressing the challenges of infrastructure, awareness, and stigma.
Several studies have identified multiple factors contributing to depression, including childhood trauma or abuse, genetic predisposition, loneliness, lack of social support, and the excessive use of substances such as alcohol or sedatives. More importantly, social and economic determinants play an important role in leading to adverse mental health. In light of this, the pressing question is how we can address this issue for ourselves and future generations. The solution lies in recognising that treating depression requires a multifaceted approach, integrating medical, lifestyle, and social interventions.
Medical treatments such as pharmacological treatments, along with psychological interventions, can provide significant relief for severe cases. Lifestyle changes are crucial for long-term management and include regular exercise to boost endorphins, a balanced diet rich in vitamins, and maintaining a consistent sleep routine. Social support is equally vital. Talking to trusted friends or family members, joining support groups, and engaging in activities that foster a sense of purpose can greatly enhance emotional well-being. Identifying and minimising triggers, such as reducing alcohol and drug use and moderating social media consumption, can also play an essential role. Moreover, seeking professional help from psychologists, psychiatrists, or counsellors, attending therapy sessions regularly, and utilising crisis hotlines during periods of distress are key components of comprehensive care.
To effectively combat depression, governments, institutions, communities, and individuals must come together to create an environment that supports mental health. Promoting proactive measures, fostering understanding, and providing accessible resources can pave the way for a healthier and brighter future for generations to come.
Dr Nargis Asad
AKUH, Karachi
