HUB:
Despite the increased budget allocations for the education sector, Balochistan continues to struggle with an inadequate education system and the lowest literacy rate in the country. Approximately 70% of girls have dropped out of school resulting in a female literacy rate of only 25%. The poor literacy rate stems from the patriarchal and parochial tribal system. The conservative ideals of honour and respect, deeply ingrained in the tribal ethos prevent females from accessing education. This is evident in the stark contrast between the 25% female literacy rate and the 55% male literacy rate.
Some argue that the tribal system is not an obstacle to education, citing examples of individuals who have pursued education despite hailing from tribal societies. While there is some truth to this, it is worth noting that these individuals often come from societies where tribal elites have weakened or where the tribal structure has evolved. Tribal structures, norms, and values staunchly oppose co-education and, in some cases, even female education. The challenge to female education is amplified by the lack of adequate arrangements for female education in these areas. Poor government efforts, the absence of educational institutions, and poverty have further intensified problems.
Without comprehending the root issues, attempting to solve the problem would be akin to putting the cart before the horse. As we discuss the challenges faced by the education system in Balochistan, it becomes evident that tribalism and the associated constraints play a significant role. Only by recognising and addressing these deep-seated issues can we hope to improve the education system and empower the people of Balochistan.
Published in The Express Tribune, June 26th, 2023.
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