The seven men, who stood in the dock dressed in brown traditional clothing, were found guilty of kidnapping and attacking the female members of a group that was driving into Kabul from a wedding.
In a trial that lasted only a few hours, the death sentences were technically handed down for the crime of armed robbery. President Hamid Karzai had earlier called for the men to be hanged.
The court heard the men, wearing police uniforms and armed with guns, had stopped a convoy of cars in the early hours of August 23.
They dragged the four women out of the vehicles, robbed them, beat them up and then raped them. One of the victims was reported to be pregnant.
"We went to Paghman with our families. On the way back, they took us, one of them put his gun on my head, the other one took all our jewellery, and the rest started what you already know," one victim, dressed in a burqa, told the court.
As noisy demonstrators outside the court demanded the death penalty, applause erupted inside after Kabul police chief Zahir Zahir also called for the men to be hanged.
"We want them to be hanged in public, so that it will be a lesson for others," he said.
"We arrested them with police uniforms. They confessed to their crime within two hours of their arrest."
The judge said the seven had the right to appeal against their sentences.
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@Ali tanoli: Err Tanoli dear - I didnt quite get your point . What are you trying to say . I think u mean like in Hindustan there was no fair hearing in court . The earlier government would have slaughtered them without a court hearing . OK that way sure they are lucky but they got what deserved.
Good to see rule of law is returning to Afghanistan
Our judicial system should learn a lesson from this.
@Stranger They are lucky if they been heard in the court if it was previous govt then they long been history and its a afghanistan (khorasan) not Hindustan.
Rare and surprising good news from Afghanistan for a long longtime . The gang got whet they deserved .