Living in a bad democracy

Pakistan's institutional endowment for democracy is far stronger than any other Muslim states


Rasul Bakhsh Rais November 24, 2015
The writer is a professor of political science at LUMS

Let me start with the famous remark made by Winston Churchill on democracy: “Indeed it has been said that democracy is the worst form of government except for all those other forms that have been tried from time to time.” It is quite common in Pakistan to see people complaining against democratic governments over every major or minor issue. There is widespread public disappointment with the performance of governments today, but this has always been the case whenever we have had elected governments. Let us acknowledge, with open minds, that dynastic leaders, parties, the electoral elite, political families and powerful political groups, in every region of Pakistan, have very few achievements and little success to show to the public. They are long and strong on rhetoric and very short and weak on performance.

One more thing in our social and democratic context is very important, which is also true for other Muslim majority societies, i.e., the solid connection between misrule and rise of extremism, terrorism and militant ethno-nationalism. Misrule is perhaps a polite and benign expression for the massive plunder of Pakistan by the ruling elite, often elected on the strength of illegal monies and strong political networks they have created. Most of the ruling elite have little respect for the people of this land or any real interest in the development of this society. They are here for the easy money they can make and when the going gets a little tough, they escape to their safe havens abroad — and live in peace, prosperity and happiness.

The rise of radicalism in every Muslim society has been a real cause of the neglect of education, rule of law, good universal values and governance. Unlawful behaviour of the elite and the immunity they enjoy through their power and political clout, have in turn produced many forms of illegalities in society. The deterioration of values, decline of institutions and weakening of laws and their implementation have spread to every part of society. Political catchwords like ‘we have done nothing wrong’ and ‘no court has convicted us’ tell us more about the failure of the system of accountability than the innocence of all famous and infamous political players of the country. Their conduct in power has created a vacuum of ethical legitimacy that has been effectively exploited by radical ideology, which argues that the failure of the ruling elite is actually the ‘failure’ of Western democracy, and that elected public figures are nothing but ‘tools’ of Western powers.

Add to this pervasive social discourse and popular narratives at the lower levels of society is the problem posed by our young population that is without adequate, let alone good education, and has limited employment opportunities and avenues for personal progress. Indeed, these are all serious problems that may continue to pull Pakistan down. Ignoring these problems, which are often associated with democracy and ‘democrats’, is not an option anymore.

What is the alternative to bad democracy? Frankly speaking, none. After four military interventions and more than four democratic movements as well as the restoration of the Constitution, democracy has emerged as a ‘default position’ for Pakistan. Our institutional endowment for democracy is far stronger than any other Muslim state’s, and we have a long history of development of political and state institutions going back to colonial times.

We have the means to improve conditions under democratic rule, and we know how others have transformed bad democracies into good ones. Chief among them is public awareness, which is better than before. We have laws and institutions that need to be strengthened and should be made to work in the areas of accountability and rule of law. Pakistan’s future progress, order, stability and coherence depend on good democracy.

Published in The Express Tribune, November 25th,  2015.

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COMMENTS (3)

Rex Minor | 8 years ago | Reply The professor writes well, but makes a denk fehler( mastake in thinking),winston churchil was not talking about any kind of democracy in foreign lands but in the UK only. The parliamentry democratic order under a monarch is very different from the Presedial democracy in France or the one in Pakistan where the President and the provincial Governors are the appointees of the Prime minister elect who is acting with a team of advisers and not elected representatives, respnsible to the parliament. Rex Minor
ishrat salim | 8 years ago | Reply Democracy in our case is STOLEN & made hostage to feed the politicians & the elite class. Corruption, loot & plunder is done in the cover of democracy, is this correct ? Not 1 institutional heads till today have been appointed by the last govt & PML N govt inspite of SC order, so what democracy are we talking about ? local govt election taking place after 7 years of democratic rule only after SC forced it upon the govt as it is included in the constitution, so, what democracy are we talking about ? As per constitution free education is the right of each & every one upto primary & elementary level, is it there ? so, what democracy are we talking about ? the conditions of primary health care does it not need any discussion, so, what democracy are we talking about, judicial system need overhauling but who cares, so, what democracy are we talking about. During PPP rule PAC committee chairman was PML N Mr Nisar & now during PML N period PPP is heading the PAC committee, so not 1 case of irregularity pointed out by AGP has been acted upon, so, what democracy are we talking about ? Unless, our mass is educated, they will remain hostage to economic blackmail by the politicians, most of whom are waderas & tribal leaders. Lawmakers in our democratic system do not come through election, they snatch it.
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